Symphony of Progress: 5 Black women’s impact on classical music

In the classical music world, a domain often characterized by its adherence to tradition, the representation of people of color has been a subject of much-needed attention and action. According to a study by the League of American Orchestras, there has been a notable increase in the diversity of orchestra players nationwide, with people of color now making up approximately 21 percent of orchestra players, up from 14 percent in the 2013-14 season. However, this progress highlights a persistent disparity: the representation of Black musicians remains disproportionately low, inching up only slightly to 2.4 percent from 1.8 percent. This marginal increase underscores the importance of recognizing and celebrating the contributions of Black artists who have historically been marginalized in classical music.

As we celebrate Women’s History Month, it is particularly poignant to reflect on the trailblazing Black women who have made significant strides in classical music, despite the enduring challenges of underrepresentation. Their stories are not just footnotes in music history; they are powerful narratives of talent, perseverance, and the relentless pursuit of excellence in the face of systemic barriers. This feature delves into the lives and legacies of five remarkable women: Margaret Bonds, Florence Price, Valerie Capers, Zenobia Powell Perry, and Julia Perry. These women have contributed to the rich tapestry of classical music and paved the way for future generations of musicians, inspiring us to continue building a more inclusive and equitable musical world.

This feature follows our previous story on pioneering Black women in country music, continuing our exploration of the significant contributions of Black women across diverse musical genres.

Margaret Bonds (1913–1972)

Margaret Bonds, a prodigious talent from an early age, wrote her first composition, “Marquette Street Blues,” at just five years old. Under the tutelage of her mother and later, Florence Price, Bonds blossomed into a formidable composer and pianist. Her historic performance as the first Black soloist with the Chicago Symphony at the Chicago’s World’s Fair in 1933 marked the beginning of a luminous career. Bonds’ compositions, such as “The Negro Speaks of Rivers” and “Montgomery Variations,” dedicated to Martin Luther King Jr., reflect her deep engagement with the African American experience and her desire to blend classical music with the rich textures of jazz and spirituals. Her legacy is celebrated annually on Margaret Bonds Day in Chicago, a testament to her impact on the city and the world of music.

Florence Price (1887–1953)

Florence Price’s historical significance as the first Black woman composer to gain national recognition in the United States cannot be overstated. With nearly 300 compositions, including symphonies, concertos, and chamber works, Price’s music is a rich tapestry that weaves classical traditions with African American folk music and spirituals. Her Symphony in E Minor, which won the Rodman Wanamaker Prize in 1932, was the first piece by a Black woman to be performed by a major American orchestra. Price’s pioneering spirit and profound musicality opened doors for future generations of composers.

Valerie Capers (born 1935)

Valerie Capers‘ journey in music is one of extraordinary talent and determination. Blind from the age of six, Capers became the first blind graduate of the Juilliard School of Music. A classical pianist, jazz composer, and arranger, Capers has carved a unique niche, bridging the worlds of classical music and jazz with elegance and flair. Her work inspires and captivates audiences, including compositions for small ensembles and large orchestras.

Zenobia Powell Perry (1908–2004)

Zenobia Powell Perry‘s musical journey began in the heart of Oklahoma and led her to study with notable composers such as Robert Nathaniel Dett. Her opera, “Tawawa House,” and other compositions reflect her deep engagement with African American history and culture. Perry’s music, which spans opera, chamber music, and orchestral works, is celebrated for its lyrical beauty and its exploration of themes of racial and social justice. Her numerous awards and honors, including a Music Citation for distinguished service and the Ohio Cultural Arts Award, underscore her significant contributions to American music.

Julia Perry (1924–1979)

Julia Perry‘s extensive education in Europe, under luminaries such as Nadia Boulanger and Luigi Dallapiccola, equipped her with a formidable compositional technique, which she applied to various works, from symphonies to operas. Despite a paralytic stroke in 1971, Perry’s indomitable spirit saw her teaching herself to write with her left hand, allowing her to continue composing until her death. Her compositions, including the acclaimed “Stabat Mater,” are celebrated for their emotional depth and intricate craftsmanship.

Through their groundbreaking work and unwavering dedication, these five women have enriched the classical music canon and paved the way for future generations of musicians. Like their counterparts in country music, their stories remind us of the power of perseverance, talent, and the transformative potential of music to cross-cultural and racial boundaries.